The main body of the Intelligent Agriculture Comprehensive Training System (FS_ZNNY) is a greenhouse system composed of an aluminum alloy metal skeleton and organic glass walls. Together with other perception, control, and execution systems, it forms a complete greenhouse system. Including: transparent greenhouse, automatic sunshade, water pump and nozzle, simulated and real plants, water circulation system, ventilation system, light regulation system, temperature regulation system, installation location of wireless sensor network, etc. It is a real-life simulation system designed for the automation and intelligent application of the Internet of Things in the agricultural field. It relies on various sensing nodes (such as environmental temperature and humidity, soil moisture, carbon dioxide, images, etc.) and wireless communication networks to achieve intelligent perception, intelligent warning, intelligent analysis, and expert online guidance of the agricultural production environment, providing precise planting, visual management, and intelligent decision-making for agricultural production. This provides a real agricultural comprehensive training system for colleges and universities in the field of IoT practical teaching, enabling students to understand the application of IoT comprehensive technology in practical training and innovate on this basis, cultivating students' innovative application ability and fully meeting the current demand for cultivating IoT technology talents in colleges and universities.

Figure 1 Product actual picture

1. Each data collection unit and execution unit communicates with the server through wireless or wired communication, and users can choose the appropriate communication scheme according to their actual situation.

If someone illegally enters the greenhouse, the system can send an alarm message to the bound mobile phone.

3. Real time remote video monitoring of the situation inside the greenhouse.

4. The system monitors air temperature and humidity, soil temperature and humidity, light intensity, and CO2 concentration in real-time.

5. Users can set air temperature and humidity thresholds, and automatically turn on or off humidifiers or heating elements to adjust air temperature and humidity based on the thresholds.

6. Users can set a light intensity threshold, and the system will automatically turn on or off lights or sunshades to adjust the light intensity based on the threshold.

7. Users can set soil temperature and humidity thresholds, and the system will automatically turn on or off the sprinkler to adjust soil temperature and humidity based on the threshold.

8. Users can set a CO2 concentration threshold, and the system will automatically turn on or off the ventilation system to adjust the concentration of CO2 in the air based on the threshold.

9. Monitoring on multiple platforms, the control system can be detected through software under Windows, Android mobile phone/tablet software or WeChat official account.

The smart agriculture training system consists of a simulation sand table, sensing equipment, execution equipment, and gateway control equipment. Composed of vegetable fields and greenhouses. Install multiple sensors, including air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, soil humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, etc.

Figure 3 Intelligent Agriculture System

The device includes the following systems:

Intelligent Lighting Subsystem

The automatic lighting adjustment system can determine the illumination level of the greenhouse based on the lighting sensor, and control the sunshade or supplementary light according to the control strategy to adjust the illumination level inside the greenhouse.

Intelligent Soil Temperature and Humidity Control Subsystem

The system is equipped with an automatic sprinkler irrigation system, consisting of a water tank, water pump, solenoid valve, nozzle, and soil temperature and humidity sensor. The system can control the water pump and solenoid valve to start sprinkler irrigation when the soil temperature and humidity are below the set value, otherwise stop sprinkler irrigation.

Intelligent air temperature and humidity control subsystem

The automatic temperature regulation system can determine the indoor temperature based on the air temperature and humidity sensor, and switch the heater according to the control strategy to achieve the purpose of air temperature regulation.

Intelligent CO2 concentration control subsystem

The CO2 automatic regulation system consists of a carbon dioxide sensor and an exhaust fan. When the carbon dioxide concentration exceeds the set value, the exhaust fan is turned on to ventilate the greenhouse; When it is lower than the set value, the exhaust fan will automatically turn off.

Intelligent security subsystem

The security monitoring system mainly consists of a human infrared module, a camera, sound and light alarm lights, and a GPRS module. The human infrared module monitors whether there is personnel intrusion. If there is personnel intrusion, the sound and light alarm lights are turned on, and a text message is sent to the customer's mobile phone through the GPRS module. Wifi cameras can achieve remote monitoring of real-time images in greenhouses.

Remote control subsystem

1. Web Access

The system provides services in a web-based manner, and users can access the system through any computer on the internet.

2. WeChat Cloud Control

Users can follow and join the official account of the device through WeChat, and control and view the indoor status through the keys provided by the official account of WeChat. In addition, devices can also be controlled by sending text or voice messages.

Central control subsystem

1. Data Summary

Obtain data from various sensors and store it in a database.

2. Intelligent analysis and control

Collect statistical data and intelligently control various control endpoints based on user set thresholds.

3. Data upload

Upload data to a remote server for users to view and control on the external network.

4. Terminal interaction

Interact with control terminals within the local area network to complete system settings, status viewing, device control, and other operations

Terminal control subsystem

Users can access the intelligent agricultural sand table system through mobile terminals, PADs, or PCs.

1. Real time status query

2. Threshold setting

3. Remote control of equipment

Project Background

Traditional agriculture in our country relies heavily on the natural environment, which has a significant impact on agricultural production. Traditional agriculture relies heavily on the experience and feelings of farmers, herdsmen, and fishermen in the production process, whether it is crop planting, aquaculture, or animal husbandry. This not only leads to low operational efficiency and serious waste of fertilizers, water, and medicine, but also makes it difficult to ensure the quality of agricultural products and achieve intensification and scale. The information-based intelligent monitoring system can control the air temperature, air humidity, soil temperature, soil humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, etc. inside the greenhouse. Real time automatic adjustment and monitoring of parameters such as light intensity, water flow rate, pH value, soil EC value, etc., to create an environment for plant growth, making the environment inside the greenhouse close to the ideal value imagined by humans, in order to meet the needs of greenhouse crop growth and development.

Project 1: Unknown personnel intrusion, automatic alarm scenario

Scenario introduction: When simulating the intrusion of unknown personnel, the system automatically alarms to respond to unexpected situations. Emphasize the automatic operation of the intelligent security system. When the human infrared module detects personnel intrusion, it will automatically turn on the sound and light alarm lights and send a text message to the customer's mobile phone through the GPRS module. Users can remotely monitor real-time images of greenhouses through their mobile phones using WiFi cameras.

Experiment involved: ZigBee wireless networking experiment, greenhouse abnormal environment alarm experiment

Equipment involved: Human body infrared module, pan tilt camera, sound and light alarm, GPRS module

Project 2: Off season vegetable planting, system intelligent adjustment of indoor temperature, light, water, fertilizer, gas and other factors scene

Scenario introduction: When simulating off-season vegetable planting, the system automatically adjusts the environment to ensure the normal growth of crops. Emphasize the operation of the central control system controlling intelligent lighting and air temperature and humidity control system. Appropriate temperature and sufficient light are important factors affecting plant photosynthesis. When planting vegetables out of season, the requirements for temperature and light are often higher. The central control system will store the data obtained from various sensors in the database. Intelligent statistics and analysis of data, and intelligent control of various systems based on user set thresholds. Automatically control the sunshade or fill light, switch on/off the heater to achieve the purpose of adjusting lighting and air temperature; Users remotely monitor the real-time operation of the greenhouse through video surveillance.

Involving experiments:

(1) ZigBee Wireless Networking Experiment

(2) ZigBee temperature and humidity acquisition experiment

(3) ZigBee Illumination Collection Experiment

(4) ZigBee CO2 concentration collection experiment

(5) ZigBee Lighting Control Experiment

(6) ZigBee Sprinkler Irrigation System Control Experiment

(7) ZigBee Fan Control Experiment

(8) ZigBee Temperature Control Experiment

(9) ZigBee humidity control experiment

(10) ZigBee Illumination Control Experiment

(11) ZigBee Sprinkler Control Experiment

(12) ZigBee sunshade screen control experiment

Equipment involved: Carbon dioxide sensor, fan, light sensor, electric sunshade, sprinkler nozzle, water pump, soil temperature and humidity sensor, humidifier, air temperature and humidity sensor, heater